Electric elevator system



April 25, 1933. c. F. E. OLoFsoN ET AL 1,905,742

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR SYSTEM Filed Dec. 6, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R} INVENTORS N N M g 102 4. By M M 0M- ATTORNEY A ril 25, 1933. c. F. E, OLOFSON El AL 1,905,742-

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR SYSTEM Filed Dec. 6, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 w k bw INVENTOR.

V7142. Cam 7 m:

ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 25, 1933 j UNITED STA .OLBL I. E. OLOFBOH, WEST ORANGE, AND NIIS 0. LIND S'IROM, OI NUTLE Y, m

eraser, nssmnon's re A. a. m nnmwm nmwn'roa courm, me. n com'onarron or nrnc'rmc nmva'ron' srsm Lpplicationfled' December 0, 1527. Serial m5. 88 8,010.

' Our invention relates to an electric eleva-' 1 to? system which is particularly adapted forhigh speed elevators. According to present practice the operating speed of electric elevator. cars is very high, as much as seven hundred feet per minute and sometimes even more. This means that less'than one second elapses between floor landings when running at full speed. It is necessary, however, ,to be able at an time to bring the car to a stop within a s ort distance without cans:

' ing any unpleasant sensations of jarring,

etc. to the passengers and the stop must be made with a high degree of accuracy as regards the floor levels of the'car and landing.- Although the loads upon the hoisting motor and the momentum. of the moving car vary I met hand control of the driving means, but even in such apparatus it has been the usual practice for the operator toresort to inching to bring the car'to the landing after making an initial stop in whichheusualliy overruns or underrlins the landing depen ing upon the momentum of the car and its position when he initiates the stopping.

Such inching or levelling operations are wasteful both of current and timeand accordingly efforts have been. made-to mini mizesuch losses in both high and slow'speed elevator systems by providing means for automatically stopping the car and for auto -matically levelling it after it has been brought to' an initial stop. These devices however, still incur losses of current in the 5 levelling operation.

.The present lnvention, while perfectly I adapted for slow speed elevator control, has

been devised more particularly to meet the, requirements of high speed elevator practide and has for'it-s primary object the provision of automatic slow down apd stop mechanism of such range and accuracy with varying loads as to efiect the, desired land ing without the action of auxiliary levelling devices or inching by hand control, (allthough such may be'used if desired) wherebythelosses above referred to are avoided.- Another object of the invention is to rovide' elevator control means in which t ere are no cams or switches in the hatchway intermediate the usual cams at top and bottom.

The improved apparatus will work accurately with the highest elevator speeds now in use. It comprises a minimum number of moving parts and the apparatus throughout is of such simple character both mechanically and electrically as to operate with perfect safety to passengers and over long periods of time without'breakage or undue wear 3 and it is free from defects which might cause failure to operate either at all or w th the ed necessary to success.

rence is hereby made to the accompanying drawings; of which: Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the improved elevatcr s stem as a whole; Fig. 2 is a simi ar view showing on-an enlarged scale the traveling and. fixed contacts and the connection of the rotary switch, and

Fig. 3 a detail view of the means for driving the screw shaft and rotary. switch.

the latter with The particula form of apparatus to which i we. have'shown ur invention applied isfa'n elevator driven by the Leonard system, viz

a line motor, a generator directly connected. theretoand a hoi'stingmotor driven by the generator, but it may be used with other forms of drive. I

Referring to Fig. '1, the line wires 1 and 2 areconnected with the shunt wound direct current motor M and the generator G is 'driven thereby, its armature being in. series by means of wires 1 and 2. with the armature of the hoisting motor N, the fieldg' of said motor being separatel excited from the line wires 1 and 2 throu ii usual cable and provided with counterweight E," the same being operated by the the leads 3 and I v 4'. The. elevator car C is suspended by the i l l a corresponding movement on a reduced one may ifhe desires arrange the gearing sogears scale of a plurality of traveling contacts for controlling the slowing down and sto ping of the car, and associated with the sai contacts are a plurality of seriesor sets of fixed contacts. Each series consistsof one contact corresponding to' each floor landing which is to be served by the elevator, and.

there are as many series of such fixed contacts as there are traveling contacts just referred to. For convenience only two contacts of each series of fixed contacts are shown. The paths of the traveling contacts are such as to cause them to engage successively with the fixedcontacts constituting a sin 1e series. There is also a rotary switch com rising a plurality of 'fixed contacts which are respectivel connected to the fixed contacts of certain 0 said series which have been just described and a rotary contact so connected as to apply current to the various switch contacts, at the proper time to carry out the pur oses of our system vas will be more fully escribed.

In order to cause the desired movement of the traveling contacts and rotary switch, any form of gearing, ma be used which will cause the same to trave in a manner c0rresponding to the movement of the elevator 'pins 86 secured thereto at equal intervals along its periphery as shown in Fig. 3. Said pinsengpge the holes ofthe band F. The

sheave is driven by the band F and drives the horizontal shaft K which by means of a bevel g)ear"L in engagement with similar and P, causes the rotation of the sw1tch arm Q, and vertical screw shaft R. There 1s a carriage S having a hub which is lnternallythreaded and engages the thread'of t e shaft R so that rotation of the latter causes vertical movement of the carriage S either up or down, the usual arrangement being such that the carriage S will be at the bottom of its ath when the elevator car is at the bottom of the shaft, and w ll travel upward in accordance with the upward movement of the car so that it will reach jhe top of its path when the car reaches the top of the shaft, but obviously that the carriage will be at the bottom of 1ts path when the car is; at the top of the fixed contacts before arranged t at the various contacts a. will be engaged during the movement of the carriage S by the traveling contacts I), b, 1) etc. which are preferably rollers carried bg pivotal arms supported by the ca rriage and adapted'by spring ressure to make sultable contact with the iled contacts a during their travel. It, will be noted that although the elevator car maybe traveling at a very high velocity the reduction in speed of the carriage S with respect to the car is so considerable that the s eed of the carriage will be suitable for t e engager ment of thefixed and traveling contacts and the functions which they perform will be readily carried out and without danger of failure. 1

In the apparatus illustrated. we have,

shown the contacts 12 applied to fiveivert'ical' bars on each side of the vertical shaft R,

those on the left relatin to the controlling of the car when moving in an upward direction, and those on the right for performing similar functions when the car is movin downward. These five bars are desi ate respectively'c', d, e, f and g for t e upward movement, and 02d, 0, f zmd'g for the downward movement. For the sake of convenience we have shown onlytwo of the contacts a on each of these bars, but it will be understood that there willrbe a separate contact corresponding to each landing, that is, if there are ten floors or landings there will be ten contacts 'a' on/ each of the bars 0', d, 0 d, etc. The bars 0', d, c and d are conductive and each of the contacts a which are carried thereby is in electrical contact therewith." The bars 8, f, g and e, f, g are insulatedwithrespect to the contacts a.

, The rotary switch Q, which may be in form somewhat similar to a commutator is built up of a large number of fixed segments I g cessively withthe various segments h during the travel ofthe elevator car. Inasmuch as this armis geared to" and driven b the elevator car, any definite osition of the carin the shaft'correspon s to a definite position of this arm. The gearing may be such as to cause the arm to make two rotations for each floorbovered by the car, that is, while the car travels from one landing will be connected to the pable of wide variations.

In the device illustrated there-are 84 segthe' distancebetween centers of adjacent segments h" will correspond to less than oneinch of travel of the car, assuming floor levels to be eleven feet apart. This Provides a very fine adjustment for the moment .or inst'antof energization of the various slow down means,-.for the reasonthat the contactsa on bars e, f, g, e, f", 9, being all insulated with respect to each other can be connected by their leads with any of the segments 71. and in practice each contact a articular segment h which will be contact by the arm Q, at the proper moment for the energization of the slow down means controlled by the coiltact a inquestion. Each of the contacts a may if desired be adjustablymounted upon its supporting bar d, eetc. so thatits position may be varied in a vertical direction, but such adjustments'may be dispensed with by reason of the adjustment provided by the lar'genumber of segments h to any one-ofwhic'h the contact a may be connected by its lead. This range of choice also be-- 1 circuit closing arms or contacts h, h when comes useful in case of irregularities, for instance variations 1nd the distances between landings, which might, for exam 1e, cause or tend to cause the car in ascen ing'to step too' far below some particular landing; In such case all that is necessary to do to correct the trouble is to detach the conducting them to segments wires of the appropriate contacts a of bars 6' f andg" from se ments h and connect sufliciently' in rear thereof to delay the action of the slow down .'means by' the desired interval to cause a satisfactory stop.. In practice it will usually.

be necessary in adjusting for irregularity toreconnect with a segment h only the contact a or'bar g'. 1

Itwill sometimes happen that many of the segments k will notbe' connectedto any would-be but a-single lead from all of these contacted. to segment h, and similarly. withrespectto the contacts of the other bars e,

, f, f and g 'so that only six of the eighty- ,four segments would be in actual-=,use. But

if the Q should make 2 rotations per landing the successive contacts a of bang will beconnected to segments 72 which'occur at intervals of 6 aroundthe switch,

- the and similarly with res ct to the contacts a of the other bars 0', F etc. i

Control means are provided upon the ele vator car whereby theoperator is able at any desired time, to bring about the operation of the various instrumentalities for the slow ing up and stopping of the car in traveling either at a medium or very high rate ofspeed, the stopping being accomplished.

rapidly but smoothly without discomfort to ass'engers and in such a manner that the oor of the car will occupy a poeition which practically coincides withthe floor of thelanding so that the use ofautomatic or hand levelling devices may be dispensed with. 'Any suitable form of control switch or switches may be used, but we prefer to use the form shown which is disclosed and claimed incan application of Nils O. Lindstroi'n, Serial No. 205,288, filed July 13, 1927. This device, CC, comprises a lever member 0 having a conducting sector 87 i isulated therefrom. Groupsof contact'fin ersva, b, 0, Ha, b and a are provided to cooperate with sector 87 for the control of a propriate circuits. The lever e is rovid with an'operatinghandle d which'is constructed fora sliding mogement in a forward direction i. e.'parallel to the axis upon which the lever e is mounted. The handle d comprises a pin member (not shown) foratuating' the handle is pushed in a forward direction asdescribed. In order to avoid repetition the electrical connections to the various devices for controlling the speed and stopping of the elevator will be pointed out in-connection with the. following description of the manner of operation."

-Thecurrent from line wire 1 passes through wire 3 topoint aof can controller C and upon movement of the controller arm '5 and sector 87a is connected to controllerpointb and through wire 5 energizes the magnet coil f of reversing switch U for thus completing the circuit. The effect ofno upward movement. Fromrcoil f the current "passes through wire 4, slow speed up limit such energization ofthis circuit is the clos- Y ing of the reversing switch U. "This closes a circuit through the magnet n of the hoisting inotor brake by which the brake is re"- moved from the motor shaft, the circuit being as follows: Line wire 1, wire 3, points 1: and"'m of reversing switch .U, wire 7 to magnet 11. and returningby wire" 12 to points 0 and p of reversing switch, wire 14, wire 10, to line wire 2' v Y The {closing of the reversing switch U also energizes the field of the generatorG through the following circuit: Wires *1',an'd

3, points-k and m of reversing switch U, arm r of, said switch, wire 9 to field wind- 15 the reversin ing 9 returning by wire 16, resistance a, wire 18, normally closed switch arm t',, wire 20, normally closed switch t, wire 22, ivotal arm 1" of reversing switch U, swltch points 0, 17, wire 14, wire 10, to wire 2.

The car is, therefore, by reason of the movement of the controller handle to connect point a with b, caused to start and move in an upward direction at a low speed due to the fact that the resistance a is in series with the magnet n, these functions being broug is about by the openin of the reversing switch- U and being mere y the opposite of what took place when the switch was closed.

The operator, however, will ordinarily after moving the controller handle 6 to the point I), continue the movement of the handle so as to cause the energizing of the point 0. The effect of this-connection is the establishing of a current through thefollowing circuit: From line wire 1 and wire 3 to controller point a and throughsector 87 to point a, thence through wire 11 to normally closed switch arm 13 of triple arm switch '0, contact 13,, wire 15, normally closed arm 17 of triple arm switch to, contact :0, through magnet coil of switch a:,.

wire 24, high speed up limit switch 3 wire 26 to the downward extension of arm r of reversing switch U, points 0, p, and wires 14 and 10, to line wire' 2.

The efi'ect of the energizin of magnet of switch a is the shunting of 51c resistance a byclosing a path from wire 16 to arm t of switch 17 through wire 28, arm 30, and wire 32. The efi'ect of this shunting of resistance a is to apply the full line voltage to the fieldwindmg g' of the generator G and thereby cause 1t to deliver its maximum voltage to the hoisting motor N and therefore operate the elevator at maximum speed.

This increased generator voltage which is applied to the wires 1' and 2" also afiects a magnet 2' through the wires 5,-6'. The

, magnet z is deslgned to throw the tri le 55 arm switch 2 when,the elevator. car reac es a high rate of speed which will correspond to a high voltage in .wires 1', 2', 5 and-6'. In practice this magnet has been arranged to throw the switch arms 0', c and c to the left "at 200 volts and permit them to move to the right at 150 volts. These, values 'aremerely illustrative and will vary with difierent apparatus.- The threepivota1 arms 0 c, and c of the switch 2 nor-f mally occupy the position shown in the drawwhich would stop the.

switch arms will ings, but when the switch et a is energimd as just described 1% arms are moved to the left sufliciently to open the circuits which include the pivotal arms 2:, a and z and contacts a a' and (1.. Furthermore the efiect of the movement of the arms 0' and c to the left fromthe position shown is to cause the same to connectthe pivotal arms 2 and z with the fixed contacts 0 upon the ive bars 0 and c for the purpose which will be later described.

[The elevator car is at this time traveling vat high speed and while the operator may at any time reduce' its speed and bring it to stop by manual operation of the controller arm in a direction reverseito that for speeding up ,the car, he will ordinarily ring about the stoppin of the car automatically so that the car w' be stopped in a minimum s ace of time and with exactness as re rds e'floor of the landin This automatic action -will be initiate? by the operator by pushing the handle d of the controller arm in a forward direction so as to close the contacts h, h This causes the energization of the wire2l and a circuit is established through resistance 1: and magnet coil '0' of switch v, thence through wires.34 and 10 to line wire 2. The efiect of the closing circuit is a partial energization of the magnet coil 0. L account of the resistance 12 being in series with this coil, theenergizing cur rent is not suficient-to cause the switch arms '0', v and v to --be thrown. The switch, however, is brou t into such condition by this partial energizing that when additional energization is ap bed to the coil 1) the very uickly thrown. In other words it makes t e switch very quick, acting. o

Another eifect which follows from the enment of controller contact It with h" an which causes the energizing of-wire 21, is the en'er 'zing of wire 23 which energizes contacts b and I)" which are carried by the traveling carri soon as the roll rb' contacts with the nearest of the contacts a which it is then approacliing, it will complete at circuitc through the wire 23 justreferred "to, contacts 6' and a, and bar 0', wire 25, arm 0' of'switch 2, arm 2' wire 27, coil 0' of switch 4: and wires 34 and 10 to-line wire 2. The effect of the closing of this circuit is very quick action of the magnet v by reason of its aland 0' from 'the position shown so as to contactrespectively with the arms 13, 13 'pnd 13,. The efl'ect of the movement of the arm S. This means that as.-

'ready bei partly. energized, and the throwing o the three switch arms 1!, v i

v to the left-is the separation of the contact arm 13 from the contact 13, and the opening of the circuit through the magnet .v by way of the wires 11,15, 19, 24, 26, r,'o, p,

14, and 2 which has been reviou'sl'y'described. This deenergizing o, the magnet :v causes the arm 30 to move to the ri ht into open circuit position thereby opening the s unt which had been connected across the field resistance 8 whereby the latter resistance is now placed in series with the field winding g. The voltage delivered by the generator G to itsline wires 1', 2 rapidly alls and the speed of the hoisting motor N accordingly diminishes. The decreasesv in voltage between wires 1 and 2 causes a drop in voltage between5 .and 6' and a partial deenergization of magnet 2. When such "voltage drops to approximately 150 volts, the magnet is no longer able to hold the switch arms a, c and a in contact with arms 2 2* and z, and said arms are therefore thrown tothe right. into the position shown. The effect of this movement is to cause 2 to contact with a,' whereb the en- 'ergization of the contact bar 0 w ich was formerly eifected through wireand arm a is transferred to contactbar d through wire 29, contact a arm 2 wire 27, coil 0" and wires 34 and 10 to line. wire 2. In other words it means a substituting of the contact bar d for action instead of 0 so that when the'traveling contact roller 1)" contacts with the nearest of the fixed contacts a which .it is thenapproaching, it will deenergized to permit the arm 0 to move to the right into the position shown, circuits will be closed for the partial energization of the'magnets t and u which control the introduction ofresistances into series with will be opened thereby placing resistances in series with field winding g and resistance 8. The circuit by which this is eflected is as follows: From line wire 1 and wire 3 through wire 31, switch arm 2*,wire' 33 to the travelingarm Q, of rotary. switch Q, thence through segment 43 of said switch to wire 45 and contact a'- of bar e, roller contact b, wires 47 and 41 to magnet coil t, thence through wire 38, arms 13 and a, wires 40, 34, and 10, ,to line wire 2.

The next step in slowing down is energizing of coil u which moves the arm t 'to the left sufficiently to operate the arm t and open a shunt circuit through wire 20,

\ the field winding g of the generator G." This .wire 31, switch farm z, contact a, wire 33,

resistance 35, wire 37, magnet'coil u, wire 36, wire 38, arms 13,, and ot-of switch "0 and arm 23 and wire 20, whereby resistance 8 will be placed in series with field coil g of generator G and resistances s and 8 thereby reducing the voltage generated thereby and slowing up the motor N. This circuit is similar to the one just described, except that in this case the rotating switch arm Q makes contact with segment bar 49 and the current asses through wire 51 to contact a'.. on ar f whence it passes through traveling contact 6 to wire 53, wire 37, coil u, wires 36, 38, switch arms 13 4), wires 40, 34 and 10 to line wire 2.

The final step in the stopping of the elevator is the opening of the circuit through the magnet f of the reversing switch whereby the same is deenergized and the switch the is thrown into its open circuit position. The Y circuit for accomplishingthis function is as follows: When the traveling switch arm Q reaches the segment 55 it energizes the wire 57 and contact (1' carried by the vertical bar 9 vand when the same is engaged by traveling contact b the current passes through wire 59 to switch arm 13 of switch a, thence through arm '0 wire 61 to magnet coil z' which causes arm 2', to move to the left sufficiently to separate arm '5 from contact 'z' the circuit being completed through wire 10 to line wire 2. The opening ofa circuit by separating i and i deenergizes magnet f of reversing switch U causing this wire 40 to wire 34, and thence through wire- 10 to line wire 2. T e circuit in multiple therewith through 0011 t is from wire 33, through resistance 39, wire 41, magnet coil tto wire 38, thence to the line as before'described. p

The next step; in the slowingdown of the elevator is produced by contacting of traveling contact I), with fixedcontact a on bar e.

This closes a circuit through magnet coilt whereby a shunt formed by wires 18 and 20 switch to be opened and thereby o ening the circuit through thefield coil q o the generator G an also deenergizing the brake magnet n of the hoisting motor.

- By the series of operations brought about automaticall by reason of eng ement of the trave ing contacts carried y the carriage S .with the fixed contacts mounted on the vertical rodsc', d, e, f and' the car will be brou ht to rest exactl 9 g y.

on a level with the landing or so close thereto as to be practically at the same level. It should be noted that the arrangement is such that while the operator will rat or near the desired floor but will cuits for the energizing of such fixed contacts to remain open. In other words, if the operator is too slow in his operation of the controller handle, he will not make a poor landing, that is, a landing in the wrong osition with respect to the desired floor, ut the car will be carried to the floor above and stopped in an accurate position with regard to such floor as this is considered preferable to making an imperfect landing, and, of course, such overrunnin will occur only when an error is made y the o' erator. -In such case the car can easily e brought back to the desired floor by hand operation of the controller arm. a In the above description of the operation of the automatic slow down and stop means we have assumed that the elevator was travelling at high speed with voltage across Wire's5, 6 suflicient to fully energize the ma to t e left. In practice the elevator car will attain such speed only in case it travels farther than from one landing to the next. In case it is desired merely to run from one floor' to the next the operator will proceed exactly as before as regards the movements of controller handle (I, and the car will, nevertheless be brought to an accurate stop although the magnet 2' will not be sufficient- 1y energized to throw the arms c c and 0 to the left since the voltage across wires 5 and 6, and which varies with the speed of the car, will not be great enough for such energization. For this reason the arm .2 remains in contact with a which means that the contacts a of bar (2'' are connected with line wire2 throurgh wire 29, a 2 27, coil e 34, and 10. -herefOre as soon as roller 5 engages the nearest contact a of said bar d the magnet c will be energized and move, arm a to the left to separate 13 and 13 and deenergize magnet w and thereby insert resistance s in series with generator field coil g and slow down the hoisting motor and elevator car; The further slowing down and stopping of the car will be accomplished as previously described by the successive engagement of rollers 5 b and 32 with contacts a of the respective bars 0, f and g.

From this it is seen that the contacts a of bar a? perform two functions: (1) In case the car is running at full speed at the gpet e and throw the arms 0 a and c moment the o erator pushes forward the and magnet 0 by reason of arm 0 holdin arm e away from contact a and they wi 1 be incapable of energizing the ma net '0 even though they should be engaged hy contact b They remain inactive unt1l the speed of the car has dropped (by reason of engagement of roller 1) with contact a of bar a to the rate corresponding to a voltage or example) between wires 1 and 2 150 volts, at which time magnet .2 releases arm 0 and allows arm 2 to engage contact a Such engagement energizes the contacts a ofrbar d and causes the same when en aged by roller b to maintain a current t rough magnet 0 thereby causing arm 17 and contact w to remain separated and magnet x deenergized until the beginning of the sequence of operations controlled by contacts a' of bars 6', f and 9. After such sequence has started the energizing of magnet coil av would be ineffective to shunt the resistance 8, because of the successive opening of the shunt circuit at and- 1? followed by action of magnet coil 2' which causes the opening of the reversing switch U. In practice the operator after pushing forward the controller hand d to cause an automatic stop will as soon as the car begins to slow up return the handle d and arm e to their initial or off positions, which would of itself prevent magnet :11 from receiving any energizing current through wire 11 even though switch magnet 0 be deenergized. (2) In case the car is running at comparatively low speed at the moment the operator ushes forward the controller handle (I, as or instance in running only from one floor to the next, the voltage across wires 5 and 6 will be insufficient to cause magnet z to move arms 0 c and 0, to the left and therefore the contacts a of bar d will be energized instead of those of bar 0 and the energizing of magnet 0 and deenergizing of z will'be caused by engagement of roller b: with contact a of bar (1? instead of engagement of roller 6 with contact a of bar 0 'as previously described for a stop when running at full speed.

The principle of operation of the various parts concerned in operating the car in a downward direction is the same as in the upward movement. It, therefore, will be necessary only to point out the various circuits by which the movement of the elevator in a downward direction is controlled.

The controller point a is energized from wire 3 and the movement of the controller handle to the right will cause the sector 87 to bridge the gap between a and b and thereby cause a current to flow through wire 63 to magnet f of reversing switch D, thence through wire 42, slow speed down armiand wire 10 to line wire 2.-- The energizing of the magnet f closes the revers ing switch D, by which the following cir- Th cuits are closed: namel (1) from wires 3,

through'contacts is an m, wire 7 to brake magnet n, returning by wires 12 and 44, contacts and p, wire 46, wire to line wire 2; also (2) through wires 1 and 3, contacts 1' k and m, switch arm 1', wire 22, thencethrough wire arm at of switch 10, wire 20, arm ofswitch-t, wire 18, resistance 8,

wire 16, fieldwinding q ofgenerator G, wire 9, switch arm 1., contactso, p, and

15 wires 46 and 10 to line wire 2. The flow of current in this circuit-being in the opposite direction from that causes a reversal in p arity of wires 1', 2' and rotation of-the hoisting motor N in 20 a reverse direction, which means a downward movement of the car instead of upward, and on account of the resistance a being in series with the winding q the movement isat a reduced speed. L

When the operator moves the controller handle to the next position whereby point e is energized, a current is establlshed through wires 1 and'3, contacts a and 0,

wire 11, switcharm 13, contact 13,, wire 15, 0 arm 17, contact w, wlre 19, ma

et (1:, wire 24, high speed down limit'switc 3 downward extension.;48 of arm r of reversing? switch D, contacts 0 and p-, wires 46 and 10 to line wire 2. The energizing of magnet :0 causes a closing of arm 30 and therefore a shunting of resistance 8 by means of the wires 32, arm 30 and 'wire 28, whereby the current-through the field winding q is increased, the volta e of the generator G o rises and drives the oisti'ng motor N at in-' creased speed. The increased voltage on the generator line wires 1', 2' increases the energizationof the magnet z suflicientl to throw the arms -c, 0, 0 to the left.

. arnf z and contact a and connects arms a and 2, whereby the contacts a on the bar a will be -electrically energized from line wire 2 through the following connection, namely:

50 -Wire 52, arms-0 and a, wire 54, coil a" of switch w and wires 50, 34 and10 to line wire 2. The throwing over to the left of switch arm 0. causes a separation" of 'the switch arm z" and contact a.

y The car is now traveling at full speedipoa-m previously described Y 0 hiscauses the arm 0 to efiect a separation of arms 10', w, and *w to be thrown, but sufficien't to cause q uick action. when said coil 1s further energized as will be' described; e wire also energizes wire 67 and roller '1) oftraveling carr'age S, which upon making'contact w1th the nearest fixed cont-act a von bar a willcause current tofiow through wire'52, arm of of switch a,- arm a, wire 54 coil 'v of switch w, wires 34 and 10 to] line wire 2. Thiscurrent throughcoil rv" on account of its bein already partly energized,- causes very quic action of the switch to whereby the switch arms 10 ,00 and wfiare thrown to their extreme left-hand position. The movement of arm 'w causes a separation of arm 17 with respect to contact 'w and thereby deenergizes magnet w'which opens switch arm 30 and causes resistance '8 to be placed in series with field winding 4 of generator G. This causesthe voltage in generator line wires 1 and 2, to drop, which causes magnet z to'relejase the arms 0 c and 0. The eifect'of the releasing ofthe arm 0'5 is to substitute verticaltbar d in place of c on account of the wire 56 being connected to switch contact a. This provides for the energization, of magnet coil 'v' of switching as soonas contact roller 6" 7 carried by carr' age S contacts with the nearest contact a of bar (1 through wires 65,

67, 69, contacts b, a, wire 56, contact a arms 2, mm 54, coil 0 wires 50, 34 and 10 1 through wires 3, 31, arm 2, contact a,

wire 33, resistances 35 and 39 in multiple and wire 37 and coil u in multiple with wire 41 and coil' t to wire 38, wire 58, switch arm w", arm as, wires 60, 34 and 10 to line wire2. The action of the traveling contact I) when it reaches; the nearest-contact a on the vertical rod e is to complete the energizing of the magnet coil t sufiiciently to operate the arm t and cause the opening of the shunt formed by wires 18 and 20 so .that the resistance a will be thrown in series with resistance a and field winding g. This circuit is as follows: Wires 1, 3, 31, arm 2, contact a, wire 33 rotating switch arm Q}, segment 71, wire 73 to contact a on vertical bar- (2?, thence through roller 6 of carriages, Wi1 '47, Wire 41, coilt, wires 38 and 58, arms w and 30", wires 60, 34 and 10 to line-wire 2.

The next step in slowing downconsists of the complete energization of ma net 1 for moving arm t to left-hand po ition, thereby opening the shunt formed by wires 20 and 20' and inserting resistance 8 in series with a", 's, and field winding 9. I This 5 magnet coil 0', not suflicientto cause switch circuit is as follows: Wires 1, 3, 31, arm 2,

ances35 and 39, as follows: From line wire contact a, wire 33, rdtating switch arm Q segment 75, wire 77, contact a of vertical bar f roller 6 of carriage S,:-wires 79, 53, 37, magnet coil u, wires 36, 38, 58, switch arms w and w, wires 60, 34 and 10 to line wire 2. i

The next step consists in bringing the hoisting motor to a stop by throwing the reversing switch D and app ing the brake. These functions areeifecte by the ener-' gizing of magnet coil 11 through the following circuit: Line wire 1, wires 3, 31, arm a, contact-a, wire 33, rotating switch arm Q segment '81, wire 83, contact 0/ carried by vertical bar g roller 6 of traveling carriage S, wire 85, arms to and co coil 1' and w1re 10 to line wire 2. This causes the arm 1' to be thrown to its left-handposition, thereb separating arm 5 from contact 2' whic deenergizes-the magnet f of the reversing switch D by openinga circuit previously described.

The operations above described are those which take lace in bringing the car to a stop from all speed. In case full speed has not been reached at the moment when the controller handle d is pushed forward, as in descending from one floor to the next, the sequence of events will be similar to that described in connection with the ascending of the car from floor to floor.

In the claims the term slow down means is intended to include means which slow down the car to a complete stop as well as means which reduce its speed without stopping it.

We claim:

1, In an electric elevator system, a car and a contact movable in unison therewith, a set of normally open car stopping circuits, one for each landing, and means under control of the operator for causing said movable contact to close one of said circuits to stop the car.

2. In an electric elevator system, a car and a member mechanically associated and movable in unison therewith, a set of normally open car stopping circuits, and means under control of the operator for causing said movable member to effect the closing of one of said circuits to stop the car.

3. In an electric elevator system, a set of normally open c'ar stopping circuits having fixed members arranged in mechanical sequence corresponding to the various floor landings, and a traveling member. moving in unison with the car and cooperating with the fixed members to close the car stopping circuits. I

4. In an electric elevator system, a set of normally open car stopping circuits having fixed members arranged in mechanical seqnence corresponding to the various floor iandings, and a traveling member moving in unison with the car andcooperating with of the movin car drops below a given rate.

6. In an e ectric elevator system, a car,

slowingdown means comprising a fixed contact and a contact movable 1n unison with the car,,to engage the fixed contact, an electromagnet for controlling said slow down means, and means for partially energizing said magnet in advance of the engagement of said fixed and movable contacts.

7. In an electric elevator system, ahoisting motor, means for controlling the speed thereof including an 'electromagnet, and automatic means for partially energizing said magnet when the speed of the hoisting motor drops below a given rate.

8. In an electric elevator system, an elevator car, slow down means including a controlling electromagnet, manually controlled means for partially energizing said magnet, and means moving in unison with the car vfor fully energizing said magnet.

9. In an electric elevator system, a car, a rotary contact movable in unison therewith, a plurality of normally open slow down circuits adapted to operate in sequence to cause reduction of car speed, and fixed contacts associated with said slow down circuits for successive engagement by said rotary contact to effect the sequential closing of said slow down circuits.

10. In an electric elevator system comprising a car, a plurality of fixed contacts and a contact movable in unison with the car to engage the fixed contacts, of slow down means and means for connecting said fixed contacts therewith consisting of a rotary switch having a multiplicity of fixed contacts, a rotaryarm to engage the same, and means for moving said arm in unison with said car.

11. In an electric elevator system comprising a car, a plurality of fixed contacts and a contact movable in unison with the car to engage the fixed contacts, the combination moans the relation between the car and the arm fixed. v 12. In an electric elevator system, a car, a

set of slow down circui one for each landing, each of said circuits being normally 0 at two points, means for c osing said circuits at one of said ints comprising :i fixed contact for each iii ndin and a. con tacit movable in unison with t, 0 car to en age said fixed contacts, and means for closmg said circuits at the other of said points comprising a fixed contact .and a rotating contact to engage the same, said rotating contact moving in unison with the car.

13. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to one floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixed contact, means for moving the movable contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator, and means controlled in accordance with the elevator speed for selectively impressing potential u on the fixed contacts as they are respectively engaged by the movable contacts.

1 4. In an electric elevator system, a plurahty of fixed contacts corresponding to one .floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixedcontact, means for moving the movable contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator an electro-magnet in control of the speed oi the elevator and connectable in circuit with each contact of one kind of said contacts independently, and means controlled by the voltage of the elevator power circuit for selectively connecting the. electro-magnet in circuit with contacts of thesaid one kind and causing the circuits to be energized.

15. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to-one floor. landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixed contact, means for moving the movable contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator an electro-magnet in control of the speed of the elevator and connectable in circuit'with each of the fixed contacts independently, and means controlled in accordance with the elevatorspeed for selectivel oonnectingthe fixed contacts in circuit wad; the electro-magnet and causing the circuits to be energized. i

'16. In an electric elevator system, a plu-v -rality of fixed contacts corresponding to one floor landing, acorresponding number of movable contacts each cooperatingwith one fixed contact, means for moving the movable contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator, an electro-m'agnet in control of the speed of the elevator and connectable in circuit with each contact'of one kind of said contacts independently, means controlled in accordance with the elevator speed contacts, each circuit including a fixed and movable contact, and means for causing said circuits to be energized when they are closed by the engagement of said fixed and movable contacts.

18. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to one floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixed contact, a plurality of normally open circuits corresponding in number to the fixed contacts, each circuit including a fixed and movable contact, and electromagnetic means for causing saidv circuits to be energized when they are closed by the engagement of said fixed and movable contacts.

19. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to one floorl-anding, a corresponding number of movable contacts, a plurality of normally open circuits each including a fixed and movable contact, one of said circuits including an electro-magnet operative to control the closing of the other circuits by the engagement of their respective fixed and movable contacts and means for partially energizing said electro-magnet circuit in advance of the en agemcnt' of its respective fixed and movab e contacts.

20. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to one fioor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts, a plurality of normally open circuits each including a fixed and movable contact, one of said circuits includcontacts, and means under "the control of the operator for partially energizing saidelectro-magnet when its fixed and movable contacts are disengaged and for causing its full energization when its fixed and movable contacts are engaged.

21. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to one floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contactseach cooperating with one fixed contact, means for moving the movable contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator, a plurality of normally o n circuits corresponding innumber to the xed contacts, each circuit including a fixed and movable contact, and means including the fixed and movable contacts for causing said circuits to be closed successively.

22. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts in stepped relation to each other and corresponding to one floor landing, a corfesponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixed contact, means for moving the movable contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator, a plurality of normally open circuits corresponding in number to the fixed contacts, each circuit including a fixed and movable contact to be closed by the successive engagement of said fixed and movable contacts.

23. In an electric elevator system, a hoisting motor, a generator directly connected thereto, a variable resistance in the generator field circuit, a plurality of circuits for varying said resistance, an electro-magnet adapted to control said circuits, and means under the control of the operator for partially energizing the electro-magnet.

24. In an electric elevator system, a car, a rotary contact movable in unison therewith a plurality of fixed contacts in circum erential relation to the movable contact, a plurality of normally open circuits, each circuit including the rotary contact and one fixed contact, and means including said fixed contacts for varying the closing of said circuits in accordance with the position of the car at a floor landing.

25. In an electric elevator system, a car, a rotary contact movable in unison therewith, a plurality of fixed contact-s in circumferential relation to the rotary contact and corres onding to definite distances between land ings, and a plurality of normally open circuits, each circuit including the rotary contact and one fixed contact to be closed by the engagement of said rotary and fixed contacts.

26. In an electric elevator system, a series of fixed contacts corresponding to the respective floor landings, a movable contact to engage the fixed contacts, a second series of fixed contacts, each contact of said first series of fixed contacts being connected to so one of said second series .of contacts, and a movable contact for said second series of contacts, and means for moving both of said movable contacts over their respective fixed contacts in a definite relation to the movement of the elevator 'car.

27. In an electric elevator system, a series of fixed contacts corresponding to the vrespective floor landings, a movable contact to engage the fixed contacts, means for moving the movable contact inaccordance with the movements of the elevator car, a second series of fixed contacts, each contact of said first series of fixed contacts being connected to one of said second series of fixed contacts, and a movable contact for said second series 'of fixed contacts the movable contact of said second series of fixed contacts being movable over the fixed contacts in accordance with the movements of the first mentioned movable contacts over its fixed contacts.

28. In an electric elevator system, a'series of fixed contacts corresponding to the respective floor landings, a movable contact adapted to en age the fixed contacts, a second series of xed contacts, each contact of said first series of fixed contacts bein connected to one of said second series 0 fixed contacts, a second movable contact adapted to engage said second series of fixed contacts, and means common to both of said movable contacts for moving said movable contacts in a definite redetermined relation to the movements of t e elevator car.

29. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contactscorresponding to one floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixed contact, a second series of fixed contacts, each contact of said first series of fixed contacts being connected to one of said second series of fixed contacts, and a movable contact for said second series of contacts, and means for moving the said first and second mentioned contacts in a definite relation to each other and to the elevator car.

30. In an electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts in stepped relation to each other and corresponding to one floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts, each cooperating with one fixed contact, a second series of fixed contacts, each contact of said first series of fixed contacts being connected to one of said second series of fixed contacts, a movable contact for said second series of fixed contacts, means for moving the movable contacts of said first series of contacts in accordance with the movement of the elevator car, and the movable contact of said second series of contacts in definite relation to the movement of the first mentioned movable contacts, and a plurality of normally open circuits corresponding in number to the fixed contacts of the first series, each circuit including a fixed contact of both series and the movable contacts associated therewith and adapted to be closed by the simultaneous engagement of the movable contacts with the fixed contacts;

31. In an electric elevator system, a hoisting motor, a series of fixed contacts corresponding to the respective floor landings and means responsive to the voltage of the hoisting motor circuit for controlling the ener age supplied to the motor for controlling the energization of said contacts.

33. In an electric elevator system, an ele-' vator car, slow down means'including a controlling electromagnet, means for partially energizing said magnet, and additional means responsive to the voltage of the hoisting motor circuit for controllingthe full energization of said magnet.

34. In an electric elevator system, an elevator car, slow down means including a controlling magnet, means for partially energizing said magnet, means moving in unison with the car for fully energizing said magnet, and means responsive to the voltage of the hoisting motor circuit for controlling the full energization of said magnet.

35. In an electric elevator system, a hoisting motor, a generator directly connected thereto, a variable resistance in the genera tor field circuit, a plurality of normally open circuits for varying said resistance, electromagnetic means for closing each of said circuits and an electromagnet adapted to control the operation of said electromagnetic means.

36. In an electric elevator system, a hoisting motor, a generator directly connected thereto, a variable resistance in the generator field circuit, a plurality of circuits for varying said resistance, an electromagnet adapted -to control said circuits, means under the control of the operator for partially energizing the electromagnet, and means responsive to the voltage in the hoisting motor circuit for controlling the full energization of the electromagnet.

37. In an.electric elevator system, a plurality of fixed contacts corresponding to one floor landing, a corresponding number of movable contacts each cooperating with one fixed contact, a plurality of normally open circuits corresponding to the number of fixed contacts, each circuit including a fixed and movable contact, an electromagnet for causing said circuits to be energized when they are closed by the engagement of the fixed and movable contacts, and means under the control of the operator for partially energizing the electroma net.

In witness whereo We hereunto subscribe our signatures.

CARL F. E. OLOFSON. NILS O. LINDSTROM. 

